Diabetes mellitus is generally considered to be an endocrine disease with a severe clinical picture. In this case, often the early stages of the disease are asymptomatic or characterized by polymorphism of manifestations. However, there are certain pathological signs that you can learn through the material below.
Signs of diabetes in women
Throughout life, a woman's body goes through many hormonal changes. These changes often lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. It is also important to note that women are more susceptible to the psychological problem of "stuck" with large amounts of junk food. This behavior also negatively affects metabolism.
As for type 1 diabetes, it develops in young girls under 25 years of age and is independent of the hormonal status. At the same time, women during pregnancy at risk are often diagnosed with symptoms of gestational disease, which are transient. Common symptoms of diabetes in women include:
- slow-healing wounds;
- sleepy;
- hair loss;
- itching of the most different localizations;
- constant thirst;
- lose weight without dieting;
- increased taste;
- frequent urination.
Symptoms of diabetes in men
Men often ignore the body's alarming signals about problems. In the context of abdominal obesity in men, there is often a relative deficiency in the production of the glucose-transporting hormone. Unlike epinephrine, insulin is not able to break down buildups effectively. Due to the active action of stress hormones, a large amount of fatty acids accumulates in the liver, preventing the normal nutrition of tissues by glucose. In general, the symptoms of diabetes in men are similar to those in women.
What are the symptoms of diabetes in children?
High blood sugar in children can be caused by obesity or genetics. However, in the scientific community there are often discussions regarding the infectious nature of this phenomenon. Such views may be supplemented by the statements of some experts who consider diabetes mellitus (particularly in adolescents) to be a complication of post-vaccination. Therefore, adults should respond appropriately if a child develops the following symptoms after vaccination:
- constant thirst;
- enuresis;
- vomiting;
- weight loss against the background of increased appetite;
- vaginal skin infections;
- reduced motor and mental activity.
First sign
It is not easy to recognize the disease at an early stage of development due to the variety of its signs. As a rule, body signals are confused with overactivity and fatigue. The clinical picture in the form of secondary pathology may be completely absent until the patient falls into a hyperglycemic coma or suffers a heart attack or stroke. Diseases of the first type, for the most part, are initially manifested by severe conditions in the form of characteristic acute attacks. However, it's important to note that the first symptoms of diabetes can include:
- The patient cannot lift the big toe off the floor.
- When the palms are touching, only the fingertips are in the direct contact area.
- Bedwetting (if a child).
- Having dental problems.
- Visibility decreased markedly.
Symptoms of latent diabetes
In most cases, the disease develops unnoticed by a person. Manifestations of a hidden process that occurs against the background of stress, infectious and autoimmune lesions of the body. At the same time, latent diabetes is considered a more dangerous disease than manifest diabetes. Experts note that with the latent form of the disease, negative consequences of pancreatic dysfunction are often diagnosed, among which the so-called diabetic foot syndrome occupies a special place. In this regard, it would be appropriate to name the main symptoms of latent diabetes:
- feeling of dryness in the mouth;
- headache;
- detection of acetone in urinalysis;
- increased fatigue.
How to distinguish the type of diabetes?
It is known that high blood sugar occurs due to disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Highlighting any symptoms of diabetes in men, women or children, it is important to mention that each form of the disease differs in the extent of damage to particular cells (islets of Langerhans) locatedin the body of the pancreas and synthesize the insulin needed by the body. With the complete defeat of these components, it becomes impossible to produce bioactive substances necessary for glucose transport.
The second type of diabetes is characterized by the maintenance of functional activity of the islets of Langerhans, but the insulin produced in this case cannot deliver glucose to tissues and organs due to the high concentration of fatty acids in the body. human body. . Patients with this type of pathology lead an active lifestyle and a special diet often do without hormone injections.
Symptoms in type 1
As mentioned earlier, the development of an absolute deficiency in insulin production begins with an acute response of the body to an increase in blood sugar. It also happens when a person is aware that he is at high risk of developing such problems. In this situation, the patient goes for preventive examination to detect the disease in time. With this approach, the process rarely escalates. Meanwhile, in people with type 1 diabetes, hypoglycemia often occurs due to the incorrect dose of insulin. In addition, in the form of the main pathology, it should be noted:
- strong thirst;
- the smell of acetone from the mouth;
- consuming large amounts of a variety of foods;
- polyuria;
- the wound surface is slow to heal;
- diabetic ketoacidosis;
- skin problems in the form of frequent fungal infections and boils.
How does type 2 manifest itself?
The relative decline of insulin production has a smoother clinical picture. The patient's sugar levels can remain within the normal range for a long time. As a rule, the results of the tests change for the worse as diabetes becomes acute. Up to this point, the patient has not appreciated the obvious weight loss and reduced physical activity. In addition to the above signs, in type 2 diabetes, the following changes may be noticed in the functioning of the body:
- rapid fatness;
- sleepy;
- Osteoporosis;
- tired appearance;
- kidney disease, often leading to diabetic nephropathy;
- non-healing wounds on the skin;
- itchy;
- sudden hair loss;
- disorientation;
- tingling and numbness of the extremities.